Total population of the country is 1.21 billion showing an increase of 181.96 million persons in absolute numbers of population in India during the decade 2001-2011. During this decade, population of India grew by 17.7% as against 21.5% in the previous decade. As per Census 2011, 833.5 million persons live in rural areas and 377.1 million persons lives in urban areas. Thus, more than 2/3rd of total population of India lives in rural areas. Density of population as per current Census is 382 persons per sq.km. against 325 persons per sq.km. in 2001.
| # | State/Union Territory | Density(1/Km2) | Population |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Delhi | 11,297 | 16,787,941 |
| 2 | Chandigarh | 9,252 | 1,055,450 |
| 3 | Puducherry | 2,598 | 1,247,953 |
| 4 | Daman and Diu | 2,169 | 243,247 |
| 5 | Lakshadweep | 2,013 | 64,473 |
| 6 | Bihar | 1,102 | 104,099,452 |
| 7 | West Bengal | 1,030 | 91,276,115 |
| 8 | Kerala | 859 | 33,406,061 |
| 9 | Uttar Pradesh | 828 | 199,812,341 |
| 10 | Dadra and Nagar Haveli | 698 | 343,709 |
| 11 | Haryana | 573 | 25,351,462 |
| 12 | Tamil Nadu | 555 | 72,147,030 |
| 13 | Punjab | 550 | 27,743,338 |
| 14 | Jharkhand | 414 | 32,988,134 |
| 15 | Assam | 397 | 31,205,576 |
| 16 | Goa | 394 | 1,458,545 |
| 17 | Maharashtra | 365 | 112,374,333 |
| 18 | Tripura | 350 | 3,673,917 |
| 19 | Karnataka | 319 | 61,095,297 |
| 20 | Andhra Pradesh[ | 308 | 84,580,777 |
| 21 | Gujarat | 308 | 60,439,692 |
| 22 | Odisha | 269 | 41,974,218 |
| 23 | Madhya Pradesh | 236 | 72,626,809 |
| 24 | Rajasthan | 201 | 68,548,437 |
| 25 | Chhattisgarh | 189 | 25,545,198 |
| 26 | Uttarakhand | 189 | 10,086,292 |
| 27 | Meghalaya | 132 | 2,966,889 |
| 28 | Himachal Pradesh | 123 | 6,864,602 |
| 29 | Manipur | 122 | 2,721,756 |
| 30 | Nagaland | 119 | 1,978,502 |
| 31 | Sikkim | 86 | 610,577 |
| 32 | Jammu and Kashmir | 56 | 12,541,302 |
| 33 | Mizoram | 52 | 1,097,206 |
| 34 | Andaman and Nicobar Islands | 46 | 380,581 |
| 35 | Arunachal Pradesh | 17 | 1,383,727 |
The recent population of India in the year of 2012 is 1.22 billion or 1,220,200,000 if viewed in numerical terms. India is the second among the most populous nations of the world and is just under China which has a population of 1.35 billion people or 1,350,044,605. This is quite an increase from the population which India had in 2001 which was 1.02 billion. Records reveal the fact that males constitute 628.8 billion of the population whereas their female counterparts consist of 591.4 million of the population of India and 50% of the population of India consists of people within the age of 25 years and 65% consists of people below the age of 35 years. It has also been noted that India consists 17.31% of the population of the world. This stands for the fact that out of six people of this world one lives in India. Statistics also reveal that by the year of 2030 India would become the most populous country of the world leaving China behind. One of the primary causes of the steep increase in India's population is illiteracy.